X-Git-Url: https://git.martlubbers.net/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=methods.top.tex;h=b54b50f9eedc4f01090fb91a021b47f9e5848b63;hb=9662cccfffecb70d621318b5f3a35e46b6029f3c;hp=c479f49de14249f3df57aed0fd6c97d89181f698;hpb=d118ff9d857683084065145df45135ef6fa06711;p=msc-thesis1617.git diff --git a/methods.top.tex b/methods.top.tex index c479f49..b54b50f 100644 --- a/methods.top.tex +++ b/methods.top.tex @@ -1,9 +1,9 @@ \section{iTasks} -\gls{TOP} is a recent programming paradigm implemented as +\gls{TOP} is a modern recent programming paradigm implemented as \gls{iTasks}\cite{achten_introduction_2015} in the pure lazy functional language \gls{Clean}\cite{brus_cleanlanguage_1987}. \gls{iTasks} is a -\gls{EDSL} to model workflow tasks in the broadest sense. A \CI{Task} is just -a function that, given some state, returns the observable \CI{TaskValue}. The +\gls{EDSL} to model workflow tasks in the broadest sense. A \gls{Task} is just +a function that --- given some state --- returns the observable \CI{TaskValue}. The \CI{TaskValue} of a \CI{Task} can have different states. Not all state transitions are possible as shown in Figure~\ref{fig:taskvalue}. Once a value is stable it can never become unstable again. Stability is often reached @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ image in the \CI{NoValue} state, the second image does not have all the fields filled in and therefore the \CI{TaskValue} remains \CI{Unstable}. In the third image all fields are entered and the \CI{TaskValue} transitions to the \CI{Unstable} state. When the user presses \emph{Continue} the value becomes -\CI{Stable} and can not be changed any further. +\CI{Stable} and cannot be changed any further. \begin{figure}[H] \centering @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ image all fields are entered and the \CI{TaskValue} transitions to the \caption{The states of a \CI{TaskValue}}\label{fig:taskvalue} \end{figure} -\begin{lstlisting}[language=Clean,label={lst:taskex},% +\begin{lstlisting}[label={lst:taskex},% caption={An example \gls{Task} for entering a name}] :: Name = { firstname :: String , lastname :: String @@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ enterName = enterInformation "Enter your name" [] \end{lstlisting} \begin{figure}[H] + \centering \begin{subfigure}{.25\textwidth} \centering \includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{taskex1} @@ -60,24 +61,26 @@ enterName = enterInformation "Enter your name" [] \caption{Example of a generated user interface} \end{figure} -For a type to be suitable it must have instances for a collection of generic -functions that are captured in the class \CI{iTask}. Basic types have +For a type to be suitable, it must have instances for a collection of generic +functions that is captured in the class \CI{iTask}. Basic types have specialization instances for these functions and show an according interface. Generated interfaces can be modified with decoration operators. \section{Combinators} +\todo{check and refine} \Glspl{Task} can be combined using so called \gls{Task}-combinators. Combinators describe relations between \glspl{Task}. \Glspl{Task} can be combined in parallel, sequenced and their result values can be converted to -\glspl{SDS}. Moreover, a very important combinator is the step combinator that -starts a new task according to the \CI{TaskValue}. The type signatures of the -basic combinators are shown in Listing~\ref{lst:combinators}. +\glspl{SDS}. Moreover, a very important combinator is the step combinator which +starts a new task according to specified predicates on the \CI{TaskValue}. +Type signatures of the basic combinators are shown in +Listing~\ref{lst:combinators}. \begin{itemize} \item Step: The step combinator is used to start \glspl{Task} when a predicate on - the \CI{TaskValue} holds or an action has been taken place. The bind + the \CI{TaskValue} holds or an action has taken place. The bind operator can be written as a step combinator. \begin{lstlisting}[language=Clean] (>>=) infixl 1 :: (Task a) (a -> (Task b)) -> (Task b) | iTask a & iTask b @@ -97,7 +100,7 @@ basic combinators are shown in Listing~\ref{lst:combinators}. dictates. \end{itemize} -\begin{lstlisting}[language=Clean,% +\begin{lstlisting}[% caption={\Gls{Task}-combinators},label={lst:combinators}] //Step combinator (>>*) infixl 1 :: (Task a) [TaskCont a (Task b)] -> Task b | iTask a & iTask b @@ -116,24 +119,38 @@ basic combinators are shown in Listing~\ref{lst:combinators}. (-&&-) infixr 4 :: (Task a) (Task b) -> Task (a,b) | iTask a & iTask b \end{lstlisting} -\section{\acrlongpl{SDS}} +\section{Shared Data Sources} \Glspl{SDS} are an abstraction over resources that are available in the world or in the \gls{iTasks} system. The shared data can be a file on disk, it can be the time, a random integer or just some data stored in memory. The actual \gls{SDS} is just a record containing functions on how to read and write the -source. In these functions the \CI{*World} is available and therefore it can -interact with the outside world. The \CI{*IWorld} is also available and -therefore the functions can also access other shares, possibly combining them. +source. In these functions the \CI{*IWorld} which in turn contains the real +program \CI{*World}. Accessing the outside world is required for interacting +with it and thus the functions can access files on disk, raw memory, other +shares and combine shares. The basic operations for \glspl{SDS} are get, set and update. The signatures -for these functions are shown in Listing~\ref{lst:shares}. All of the -operations are atomic in the sense that during reading no other tasks are -executed. +for these functions are shown in Listing~\ref{lst:shares}. By default, all +shares are files containing a \gls{JSON} encoded version of the object and thus +are persistent between restarts of the program. Library functions for shares +residing in memory are available as well. The three main operations on shares +are atomic in the sense that during reading no other tasks are executed. + +The basic type for \glspl{SDS} has three \todo{parametric +lenses}\cite{domoszlai_parametric_2014}. \begin{lstlisting}[% - language=Clean,label={lst:shares},caption={\Gls{SDS} functions}] + label={lst:shares},caption={\Gls{SDS} functions}] +:: RWShared p r w = ... +:: ReadWriteShared r w :== RWShared () r w +:: ROShared p r :== RWShared p () r +:: ReadOnlyShared r :== ROShared () r + +:: Shared r :== ReadWriteShared r r + get :: (ReadWriteShared r w) -> Task r | iTask r set :: w (ReadWriteShared r w) -> Task w | iTask w upd :: (r -> w) (ReadWriteShared r w) -> Task w | iTask r & iTask w +sharedStore :: String a -> Shared a | JSONEncode{|*|}, JSONDecode{|*|} \end{lstlisting}