p.tex

   1 %&p
   2 \begin{document}
   3 \frame{\titlepage}
   4
   5 \section{Introduction}
   6 \begin{frame}
   7         \frametitle{What is Python}
   8         \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{2.png}
   9 \end{frame}
  10
  11 \begin{frame}
  12         \frametitle{What is Python}
  13         \begin{itemize}
  14                 \item Interpreted
  15                 \item Duck-typing
  16                 \item High-level
  17                 \item Multi-paradigm
  18                 \item \ldots
  19         \end{itemize}
  20 \end{frame}
  21
  22 \begin{frame}[fragile]
  23         \frametitle{How to start}
  24         \framesubtitle{Interpreter}
  25         \begin{minted}[breaklines=true]{pycon}
  26 Python 3.5.1 (default, Dec  7 2015, 12:58:09)
  27 [GCC 5.2.0] on linux
  28 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more
  29 information.
  30 >>> print('Hello world!')
  31 Hello world!
  32 >>> i = 1972
  33 >>> print(str(i/46) + ' hoi')
  34 42.869565217391305 hoi
  35         \end{minted}
  36 \end{frame}
  37
  38 \begin{frame}[fragile]
  39         \frametitle{How to start}
  40         \framesubtitle{Source files}
  41         \begin{minted}{python}
  42 #!/usr/bin/env python3
  43 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
  44
  45 print('hello world')
  46 i = 1972
  47 print(str(i/46) + ' hoi')
  48         \end{minted}
  49 \end{frame}
  50
  51 \section{Basics}
  52 \begin{frame}[fragile]
  53         \frametitle{Built-in types}
  54         \begin{tabular}{ll}
  55                 \mintinline{python}{bool} & \mintinline{python}{True, False}\\
  56                 \mintinline{python}{int} & \mintinline{python}{1, -4, 999}\\
  57                 \mintinline{python}{complex} & \mintinline{python}{4j+1, j}\\
  58                 \mintinline{python}{float} & \mintinline{python}
  59                         {1.0, 4.5, 5e9, float('NaN'), float('inf')}\\
  60                 \mintinline{python}{str} & \mintinline{python}
  61                         {'hi', "hi", '"', "'", """hi"""}\\
  62                 \mintinline{python}{list} & \mintinline{python}
  63                         {[], ..., [1, 2, 3], ['a', 42], [[], [1]]}\\
  64                 \mintinline{python}{tuple} & \mintinline{python}
  65                         {(1,), (1,2), (1, 'a', True), ((4, 3), 4)}\\
  66                 \mintinline{python}{dict} & \mintinline{python}
  67                         {{1: 'a', 2: 'b'}, {"hi": 42, "test": {}}, {}}\\
  68                 \mintinline{python}{set} & \mintinline{python}
  69                         {{1, 2}, {"hi", "a"}, set()}\\
  70                 Others &  \mintinline{python}
  71                         {range, bytes, bytearray, memoryview, frozenset}\\
  72                 Special & \mintinline{python}
  73                         {type, None, ..., NotImplemented}\\
  74         \end{tabular}
  75 \end{frame}
  76
  77 \begin{frame}[fragile]
  78         \frametitle{Basictypes: Operators}
  79         \begin{block}{operators}
  80                 \begin{itemize}
  81                         \item Numbers: \mintinline{python}{+ - / * // % @ **}
  82                         \item Comparison: \mintinline{python}{< <= > >= == !=}
  83                         \item Boolean: \mintinline{python}{and or not}
  84                         \item Bitwise: \mintinline{python}{& | ^ ~ << >>}
  85                         \item List/Dictionary: \mintinline{python}{[i] [i:j] in}
  86                         \item In place: \mintinline{python}{*= += ...}
  87                         \item Special: \mintinline{python}{is}
  88                 \end{itemize}
  89         \end{block}
  90 \end{frame}
  91
  92 \section{Control flow}
  93 \subsection{If, then, else}
  94 \begin{frame}[fragile]
  95         \frametitle{Conditional execution}
  96         \framesubtitle{\texttt{fizzbuzz.py}}
  97         \begin{minted}{python}
  98 #!/usr/bin/env python3
  99
 100 i = int(input('Enter a number: '))
 101 if i % 3 == 0 and i % 5 == 0:
 102     print('fizzbuzz')
 103 elif i % 3 == 0:
 104     print('buzz')
 105 elif i % 5 == 0:
 106     print('fizz')
 107 else:
 108     print(i)
 109         \end{minted}
 110 \end{frame}
 111
 112 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 113         \frametitle{Conditional execution 2}
 114         \framesubtitle{\texttt{fizzbuzz.py}}
 115         \begin{minted}{shell-session}
 116 frobnicator@frobmachine~$ python fizzbuzz.py
 117 Enter a number: 42
 118 buzz
 119 frobnicator@frobmachine~$ python fizzbuzz.py
 120 Enter a number: 15
 121 fizzbuzz
 122 frobnicator@frobmachine~$ python fizzbuzz.py
 123 Enter a number: 43
 124 43
 125 frobnicator@frobmachine~$ python fizzbuzz.py
 126 Enter a number: 9
 127 fizz
 128         \end{minted}
 129 \end{frame}
 130
 131 \subsection{While, for}
 132 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 133         \frametitle{Looping}
 134         \begin{minted}{python}
 135 ls = ["hello", "world", "!"]
 136
 137 # Pythonic for loop
 138 for item in ls:
 139     print(ls)
 140
 141 # C style for loop
 142 for i in range(0, len(ls)):
 143     print(ls[i])
 144
 145 # While loop
 146 i = 10
 147 while i >= 0:
 148     print(i);
 149 print('fire!')
 150         \end{minted}
 151 \end{frame}
 152
 153 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 154         \frametitle{Looping: Escape rope}
 155         \begin{minted}{python}
 156 # 100.000st prime, 100.001st prime, and a pseudoprime
 157 numbers = [1299709, 1299721, 1299709*1299721]
 158 for n in numbers:
 159     for x in range(2, n):
 160         if n % x == 0:
 161             print(n, 'equals', x, '*', n//x)
 162             break
 163     else:
 164         print(n, 'is a prime number')
 165
 166 # 1299709 is a prime number
 167 # 1299721 is a prime number
 168 # 1689259081189 equals 1299709 * 1299721
 169
 170 # pass, continue
 171         \end{minted}
 172 \end{frame}
 173
 174 \subsection{Functions}
 175 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 176         \frametitle{Functions}
 177         \begin{minted}{python}
 178 def fizzbuzzrange(n, m):
 179     """Print fizzbuzz for all numbers between n and m"""
 180     for i in range(n, m):
 181         fizzbuzz(i)
 182
 183 def fizzbuzz(n):
 184     """Print for number i the fizzbuzz"""
 185     if i % 3 == 0 and i % 5 == 0:
 186         print('fizzbuzz')
 187     elif i % 3 == 0:
 188         print('buzz')
 189     elif i % 5 == 0:
 190         print('fizz')
 191     else:
 192         print(i)
 193
 194 fizzbuzzrange(0, 1000)
 195         \end{minted}
 196 \end{frame}
 197
 198 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 199         \frametitle{Functions: Advanced arguments}
 200         \begin{minted}{python}
 201 def function(arg1, arg2, kwarg1="hi", kwarg2=42):
 202     """Docstring,
 203         run help(functionname) in the interpreter
 204         to see this helpstring
 205         """
 206     pass
 207
 208 def function(*args):
 209     for i, a in enumerate(args):
 210         print("argument: ", i, ": ", a)
 211
 212 def function(**kwargs):
 213     for k, v in kwargs:
 214         print("argumentkey: ", k, "=", v)
 215
 216 def function(arg1, arg2, arg3=4, *args, **kwargs):
 217     pass
 218         \end{minted}
 219 \end{frame}
 220
 221 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 222         \frametitle{Functions: Advanced functions}
 223         \begin{minted}{python}
 224 def compare(this, that, comparefunc=lambda x, y: x > y):
 225     return comparefunc(this, that)
 226         \end{minted}
 227         \begin{minted}{pycon}
 228 >>> compare(42, 2)
 229 True
 230 >>> compare(42, 2, lambda x, y: x < y)
 231 False
 232 >>> def compare_len(x, y):
 233 ...     return len(x) > len(y)
 234 ...
 235 >>> print(compare_len)
 236 <function compare_list at 0x7f075cd5b730>
 237 >>> compare([1, 2, 3, 4], [3, 4, 5])
 238 False
 239 >>> compare([1, 2, 3, 4], [3, 4, 5], compare_len)
 240 True
 241         \end{minted}
 242 \end{frame}
 243
 244 \section{Datastructures}
 245 \begin{frame}
 246         \frametitle{Lists}
 247         \begin{tabular}{ll}
 248                 In-situ & Copy\\
 249                 \mintinline{python}{lst.append(x)}\\
 250                 \mintinline{python}{lst.extend(x)} &
 251                         \mintinline{python}{lst1 + lst2}\\
 252                 \mintinline{python}{lst.insert(i, x)}\\
 253                 \mintinline{python}{lst.remove(x)}\\
 254                 \mintinline{python}{lst.clear(x)} &
 255                         \mintinline{python}{lst = []}\\
 256                 \mintinline{python}{lst.reverse(x)} &
 257                         \mintinline{python}{reversed(lst)}\\
 258                 \mintinline{python}{lst.sort(x)} &
 259                         \mintinline{python}{sorted(lst)}\\
 260                 \ldots
 261         \end{tabular}
 262 \end{frame}
 263
 264 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 265         \frametitle{Dictionary}
 266         \begin{minted}{pycon}
 267 >>> tel = {'jack': 4098, 'sape': 4139}
 268 >>> tel['guido'] = 4127
 269 >>> tel
 270 {'sape': 4139, 'guido': 4127, 'jack': 4098}
 271 >>> tel['jack']
 272 4098
 273 >>> del tel['sape']
 274 >>> tel['irv'] = 4127
 275 >>> tel
 276 {'guido': 4127, 'irv': 4127, 'jack': 4098}
 277 >>> list(tel.keys())
 278 ['irv', 'guido', 'jack']
 279 >>> sorted(tel.keys())
 280 ['guido', 'irv', 'jack']
 281 >>> 'guido' in tel
 282 True
 283 >>> 'jack' not in tel
 284 False
 285         \end{minted}
 286 \end{frame}
 287
 288 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 289         \frametitle{Sequences}
 290         \begin{block}{Tuples}
 291                 \begin{minted}{python}
 292 # Auto unpack
 293 x = (42, 43)
 294 x1, x2 = x
 295                 \end{minted}
 296         \end{block}
 297
 298         \begin{block}{Sequence modifiers}
 299                 \begin{minted}{python}
 300 x = {3, 2, 1}
 301 lx = list(x)       # items in random order
 302 sx = sorted(x)     # [1, 2, 3]
 303 rx = reversed(sx)  # [3, 2, 1]
 304 rx = enumerate(rx) # [(0, 3), (1, 2), (2, 1)]
 305                 \end{minted}
 306         \end{block}
 307 \end{frame}
 308
 309 \section{Input/Output}
 310 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 311         \frametitle{Strings}
 312         \begin{minted}{pycon}
 313 >>> s = 'Hello, world.'
 314 >>> str(s)
 315 'Hello, world.'
 316 >>> repr(s)
 317 "'Hello, world.'"
 318 >>> str(1/7)
 319 '0.14285714285714285'
 320 >>> x = 10 * 3.25
 321 >>> y = 200 * 200
 322 >>> s = 'The value of x is ' + repr(x) + ', and y is ' + repr(y) + '...'
 323 >>> print(s)
 324 The value of x is 32.5, and y is 40000...
 325 >>> hello = 'hello, world\n'
 326 >>> hellos = repr(hello)
 327 >>> print(hellos)
 328 'hello, world\n'
 329         \end{minted}
 330 \end{frame}
 331
 332 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 333         \frametitle{String formatting}
 334         \begin{minted}{python}
 335 'We are the {} who say "{}!"'.format('knights', 'Ni')
 336 # We are the knights who say "Ni!"
 337
 338 '{0} {0} {1}'.format('ekke', 'ptang')
 339 # ekke ekke ptang
 340
 341 # Number formatting and padding
 342 '{0:.3f} {1:03d} "{2:<5}" "{2:,>5}"'.format(
 343         1.0/3, 42, 'hi')
 344 # '0.333 042 "hi   " ",,,hi"
 345
 346 # Other Usefull string function
 347 ','.join(['a', 'b', 'c'])
 348 'a,b,c'.split(',')
 349         \end{minted}
 350 \end{frame}
 351
 352 \section{And much more\ldots}
 353 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 354         \frametitle{Error handling}
 355         \begin{minted}{python}
 356 try:
 357     x = 5/0
 358 except ZeroDivisionError as e:
 359     print(e)
 360
 361 try:
 362     do_some_stuff()
 363 except:
 364     rollback()
 365     raise
 366 else:
 367     commit()
 368 finally:
 369     cleanup()
 370         \end{minted}
 371 \end{frame}
 372
 373 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 374         \frametitle{Libraries}
 375         \mintinline{python}{import modulename}\\
 376         \mintinline{python}{from modulename import name1, name2}\\
 377         \begin{enumerate}
 378                 \item System: \mintinline{python}{os, sys, glob}
 379                 \item Math: \mintinline{python}{math, random, statistics}
 380                 \item Text: \mintinline{python}{re, locale, gettext, codecs}
 381                 \item Internet: \mintinline{python}{irllib, email, smtplib, poplib}
 382                 \item Data: \mintinline{python}{sqlite, json, csv, xml.etree}
 383                 \item Command line:
 384                         \mintinline{python}{curses, urwid, readline, getopts, argparse}
 385                 \item GUI: \mintinline{python}{Tkinter, PySide/PyQt, PyGobject}
 386                 \item \ldots
 387         \end{enumerate}
 388 \end{frame}
 389
 390 \begin{frame}[fragile]
 391         \frametitle{And much more\ldots}
 392         \begin{itemize}
 393                 \item Function annotations: \mintinline{python}{def fun(n) -> str:}
 394                 \item Iteration through: \mintinline{python}{yield}
 395                 \item List comprehension:
 396                         \mintinline{python}{[x**2 for x in range(0, 5)]}
 397                 \item Functional style: \mintinline{python}{map, filter, reduce}
 398                 \item Classes, inheritance: \mintinline{python}{class}
 399                 \item Context blocks: \mintinline{python}{with}
 400                 \item String templating
 401                 \item Coding style: \url{https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/}
 402         \end{itemize}
 403 \end{frame}
 404 \end{document}