\maketitleru[authorstext={Author:},
course={Philosophy and Ethics of Computer and Information Sciences}]
-\section{Introduction}
+\section*{Introduction}
Ever since the dawn of human beings we have been prone to addictions and we
must actively inhibit certain urges. Genetically the body has been evolved to
indulge itself into seemingly scarcely available activities. It seems that this
question of what pornography does to \emph{society}.
\newpage
-\section{Research questions}
+\section*{Research question}
This leads to the following main research question.
\begin{center}
\emph{How does the increase in consumption and ease of use of pornography
via the internet change the society?}
\end{center}
-To tackle this question we split it up in to three parts. First a light will be
-shed on the aspect of attitude against sexuality. Are there shifts in
-normativity and is society adapting to the new situation by changing
-moralities.
+To tackle this question we approach it from three perspectives. First we will
+shine a light on the possible change in attitude on sexuality with adults. Are
+there shifts in normativity and is society adapting to the new situation by
+changing moralities?
-After describing the change in attitude there will be elaborated upon the
-actual acts. Do, specifically adults, change their behaviours in practise
-because of the increase and easy of use of internet pornography.
+After describing the change in attitude there we will elaborated upon the
+actual acts of sexuality. Do, specifically adults, change their sexual
+behaviours in real life because of the increase and easy of use of internet
+pornography.
-Thirdly we try to discover what influences the aforementioned changes have on
+Lastly we show what influences the aforementioned changes have on
the youth and on education. Does society teach different moralities and
-behaviours than before?
+behaviours than before? Is pornography considered differently than before.
Concluding this we will wrap up and provide an overview in the form of a
description of general changes in society.
-\section{Answers}
-\subsection{Attitude}
+\section*{Attitude}
%First question
To answer the first question we should go back in time a little bit because
-pornography is of all ages. Starting in the sixties people started to document
-\emph{histories} of pornography. However, in those times there were hardly any
+pornography is of all ages. Starting in the sixties, people started to document
+``histories'' of pornography. However, in those times there were hardly any
methodological methods of describing such social histories and therefore it is
mainly an enumeration of techniques\cite{hoff1989there}. This is in a contrast
-with the reality in which there is a rich history. Ancient paintings of sexual
-activities have been found and it has been documented that some sort of
-pornography existed in the forms such as voyeurism.
+with the reality in which there is a rich history with changes in behaviour,
+social constructs and society. Even before the modern era pornography was a
+thing. Ancient paintings of sexual activities have been found and it has been
+documented that some sort of pornography existed in the forms such as voyeurism
+in for example the Roman Empire.
In the current age with the internet the field has changed enormously. Where
people had to buy pornographic magazines in shabby stores earlier they now have
-every fetsh they imagined, and more, at their fingertips. A human browsing the
-web can see more people in one evening than a human say 100, 1000 or even
-10.000 years ago. In the internet era aberrant sexual behaviour is much more
-considered normal because of the use of pornography. While before the internet
-you really had to seek out companions or peers that also practised the
-abberative behaviour, currently you can seek contact with everyone in the world
-and the normativity changes. Suddenly there are numerous amounts of people that
-have the same interest. Moreover, this leads to the rise of these activities
-such as BSDM fantasies such as \emph{she-males} that were never so prevalent in
+every fetish they imagined, and more, at their fingertips. A human browsing the
+web can see more naked people in one evening than a human say 100, 1000 or even
+10.000 years ago in their entire lifetime.
+
+In the internet era aberrant sexual behaviour is considered more normal because
+of the use of pornography. While before the internet you really had to seek out
+companions or peers that also practised the abberative behaviour, currently you
+can seek contact with everyone in the world and the normativity on the subject
+changes. Suddenly there are numerous amounts of people that have the same
+interest. As a consequence, this leads to the rise of these activities such as
+BSDM fantasies (e.g. \emph{she-males}) that were never so prevalent in
society\cite{escoffier2011imagining}. These trends show a change in sexuality.
Gender becomes less important and more fluid and aberrant sexual fantasies
become regular. Whether this stays to be a fantasy or becomes reality will be
explored in the next section.
-\subsection{Act}
+\section*{Act}
The second aspect of the change in society will be the influence of the
availability of internet pornography on real relations and sexual contact
between adults. We specifically not focus on youth here because that is an
A little over a decade ago Stack, Wasserman and Kern studied the influence of
pornography to adult social bonds\cite{stack_adult_2004}. It showed that
-pornography deviant, albeit sexual, behaviours weher indicators of cyberporn
-use. Moreover, numerous studies have found a negative relation in the use of
-pornography and relationship quality\cite{muusses_internet_2015}. In this study
-by Musses et al.\ it was found that while short-term effects are prevalent, in
-this longitudinal study there were no long-term effects. These short-term
-effects were summarized by Harkness et al.\ and show an association between
-pornography and sexual risk behaviours\cite{harkness2015association}.
-
-\subsection{Education}
+pornography deviant, albeit sexual, behaviours where indicators of internet
+pornography use. Moreover, numerous studies have found a negative relation in
+the use of pornography and relationship quality\cite{muusses_internet_2015}. In
+the study by Musses et al.\ it was found that short-term effects are prevalent
+from other studies. On the contrary, in their longitudinal study there were no
+long-term effects significant. Moreover, these short-term effects were
+summarized by Harkness et al.\ and show an association between pornography and
+sexual risk behaviours\cite{harkness2015association}. This means that internet
+pornography is also changing the real life behaviour outside of the fantasies.
+
+\section*{Education}
Finally, to see the effect on society we specifically take a look at the
-educational part of the matter. Does sexuality for youth and adolescents change
+younger members of our race. Does sexuality for youth and adolescents change
because of the prevalence of internet pornography.
A study from Kvalem et al.\ revealed that the view on sexuality is changing
et al.\ showed about the same numbers as the previous study regarding exposer
below 18 years of age.
-\section{Conclusion}
-From the answers we can conclude that there is a shift going on in society's
-view on pornography and society itself. While in the early days pornography
-was for the select few and was frowned upon it is now abundant in volume and
-frequency. This results in to a change of the consumption. People start to use
-pornography earlier on in their lives and it is regarded more and more as
-normal. This shift leads to previously aberrant sexual fantasies becoming
-more regular and, at least on the short term, aberrant sexual behaviours
-becoming more prevalent.
+\section*{Conclusion}
+If we combine the different perspeanswers we can conclude that there is a shift
+going on in society's view on pornography and society itself. While in the
+early days pornography was for the select few and was frowned upon it is now
+abundant in volume and frequency. This results in to a change of the
+consumption. People start to use pornography earlier on in their lives and it
+is regarded more and more as normal. This shift leads to previously aberrant
+sexual fantasies becoming more regular and, at least on the short term,
+aberrant sexual behaviours becoming more prevalent.
All this change can be led back to the inhibition mechanisms humans, and all
other animals exhibit. We are to consume at the fullest when we can consume a
-scarse resource because who knows when you will encounter the resource
-again\ldots In society already subcultures and groups arise to combat the easy
-seductions and to reprogram our minds.
+scarce resource because who knows when you will encounter the resource
+again\ldots{} In society already subcultures and groups arise to combat the
+easy seductions and to reprogram our minds.
+\newpage
\bibliographystyle{ieeetr}
\bibliography{a}
\end{document}
repositories / paefcais1617.git / commitdiff